Football 1: Ancient History
Football
Football is such a game that is played all over the world. As a game
football, it is easier to understand for everybody. Football is the most
popular. Football is a family of team sports that
involve, kicking a ball with the foot to
score a goal.
That’s why it is very famous and popular.
Different forms of football can be identified in history, often as popular peasant games. In 1888, The Football League was introduced inEngland Man.
Different forms of football can be identified in history, often as popular peasant games. In 1888, The Football League was introduced in
“Trophy of FIFA WORLD CUP”
History : The Ancient Greeks and Romans are known to have played many ball games, some of which involved the use of the feet. Roman ball games already knew the air-filled ball, the follis, Episkyros is recognized as an early form of football by FIFA.
Ancient
Greek football player balancing the ball. 400-375 BC.
A Chinese game called Cuju or Zuqiu has been
recognized by FIFA as
the first version of the game with regular rules. It existed during the Han Dynasty, the second
and third centuries BC. The Japanese version of cuju is kemari , and
was developed during the Asuka period. This is
known to have been played within the Japanese
imperial court in Kyoto from
about 600 AD. In kemari several
people stand in a circle and kick a ball to each other, trying not to let the
ball drop to the ground. The game appears to have died out sometime before the
mid-19th century. It was revived in 1903 and is now played at a number of
festivals.
There are a number
of references to traditional, ancient, or prehistoric ball
games, played by indigenous
peoples in many
different parts of
the world. For example, in 1586, men from a ship commanded by an English
explorer named John Davis,
went ashore to play a form of football with Inuit (Eskimo) people
in Greenland. There are
later accounts of an Inuit game played on ice, called Aqsaqtuk. Each match began with two
teams facing each other in parallel lines, before attempting to kick the ball
through each other team's line and then at a goal.
On the Australian continent several
tribes of indigenous
people played kicking and catching games with stuffed balls
which have been generalized by historians as Marn Grook.
The earliest historical account is an anecdote from the
1878 book by Robert
Brough-Smyth, The
Aborigines of Victoria, in which a man called Richard Thomas is quoted
as saying, in about 1841 in Victoria,
Australia, that he had witnessed Aboriginal people playing the game:
"Mr Thomas describes how the foremost player will drop kick a ball made
from the skin of a possum and
how other players leap into the air in order to catch it." Some historians
have theorized that Marn Grook was
one of the origins of Australian
rules football.
An illustration from the 1850s of Australian Aboriginal hunter gatherers. Children in the background are playing a football game, possibly Woggabaliri.
Games played
in Mesoamerica with
rubber balls by indigenous
peoples are also well-documented as existing since before this
time, but these had more similarities to basketball or volleyball, and no links
have been found between such games and modern football sports. Northeastern
American Indians, especially the Iroquois Confederation,
played a game which made use of net racquets to throw and catch a small ball;
however, although it is a ball-goal foot game, lacrosse (as its
modern descendant is called) is likewise not usually classed as a form of
"football."
These games and
others may well go far back into antiquity. However, the main sources of modern
football codes appear to lie in western
Europe, especially England
An illustration of the Calcio Fiorentino field
and starting positions, from a 1688 book by Pietro di Lorenzo Bini.
The Middle Ages
saw a huge rise in popularity of annual Shrovetide
football matches throughout Europe, particularly in England Britain France
The early forms of football played in England, sometimes referred to as "mob football", would be played between neighbouring towns and villages, involving an unlimited number of players on opposing teams who would clash en masse, struggling to move an item, such as inflated animal's bladder to particular geographical points, such as their opponents' church, with play taking place in the open space between neighbouring parishes. The game was played primarily during significant religious festivals, such as Shrovetide, Christmas, or Easter, and Shrovetide games have survived into the modern era in a number of English towns.
The first detailed description of what was almost
certainly football in England London
After lunch all the youth of the city go out into the
fields to take part in a ball game. The students of each school have their own
ball; the workers from each city craft are also carrying their balls. Older
citizens, fathers, and wealthy citizens come on horseback to watch their
juniors competing, and to relive their own youth vicariously: you can see their
inner passions aroused as they watch the action and get caught up in the fun
being had by the carefree adolescents.
Most of the very early references to the game speak
simply of "ball play" or "playing at ball". This reinforces
the idea that the games played at the time did not necessarily involve a ball
being kicked.
An early reference to a ball game that was probably
football comes from 1280 at Ulgham,
Northumberland, England . Football was played in Ireland in 1308, with a documented reference to
John McCrocan, a spectator at a "football game" at Newcastle,
County Down being charged with accidentally stabbing a player named
William Bernard.
In
1314, Nicholas de
Farndone, Lord Mayor of
the City of London issued a decree banning football in the French
used by the English upper classes at the time. A translation reads: "orasmuch
as there is great noise in the city caused by hustling over large foot balls [rageries de grosses pelotes de pee]
in the fields of the public from which many evils might arise which God forbid:
we command and forbid on behalf of the king, on pain of imprisonment, such game
to be used in the city in the future." This is the earliest reference to
football.
In
1363, King Edward III of
England issued a proclamation banning "...handball, football,
or hockey; coursing and cock-fighting, or other such idle games", showing
that "football" – whatever its exact form in this case – was being
differentiated from games involving other parts of the body, such as handball.
A
game known as "football" was played in Scotland Aberdeen
The
word "pass" in the most recent translation is derived from "huc
percute" (strike it here) and later "repercute pilam" (strike
the ball again) in the original Latin. It is not certain that the ball was
being struck between members of the same team. The original word translated as
"goal" is "metum", literally meaning the "pillar at
each end of the circus course" in a Roman chariot race. There is a
reference to "get hold of the ball before [another player] does"
(Praeripe illi pilam si possis agere) suggesting that handling of the ball was
allowed. One sentence states in the original 1930 translation "Throw
yourself against him".
King Henry IV of
England also presented one of the earliest documented uses of the
English word "football", in 1409, when he issued a proclamation
forbidding the levying of money for "foteball".
There
is also an account in Latin
from the end of the 15th century of football being played at Cawston,
Nottinghamshire. This is the first description of a "kicking
game" and the first description of dribbling: "[t]he
game at which they had met for common recreation is called by some the
foot-ball game. It is one in which young men, in country sport, propel a huge
ball not by throwing it into the air but by striking it and rolling it along
the ground, and that not with their hands but with their feet... kicking in
opposite directions" The chronicler gives the earliest reference to a football
pitch, stating that: "he boundaries have been marked and the game had started.
Other firsts in the mediæval and early modern
eras.
Source : Wikipedia, Newspaper and others.
Source : Wikipedia, Newspaper and others.
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